Optimization of Liquid Biofertilizer Concentrations for Improving Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Productivity under Reduced Nitrogen Input in Oxisols
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65896/ijsaes.v2i2.37Keywords:
crop productivity, nutrient efficiency, soil fertility, sustainable agriculture, tomato cultivationAbstract
Background: Oxisols are highly weathered soils with low fertility and limited nutrient availability, which restrict crop productivity. Improving nutrient efficiency through biological inputs is an important strategy to maintain crop yield while reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of liquid biofertilizer on tomato growth, yield, and selected soil chemical properties under reduced nitrogen fertilization in Oxisols. Methods: The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Jakarta, from December 2023 to March 2024 using a Randomized Block Design. Five treatments were applied, consisting of full nitrogen fertilization without biofertilizer and 70% nitrogen fertilization combined with liquid biofertilizer at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, and 8 mL L⁻¹. Plant growth, yield, and selected soil chemical properties were evaluated. Results: The application of liquid biofertilizer affected soil chemical properties and tomato productivity under reduced nitrogen input. The 4 mL L⁻¹ treatment produced the highest fruit weight of 354.80 g plant⁻¹, equivalent to 22.17 tons ha⁻¹, indicating improved nitrogen use efficiency and crop performance. Conclusion: Optimizing liquid biofertilizer concentration can enhance tomato productivity while reducing nitrogen fertilizer requirements in Oxisols. This approach provides a potential strategy for sustainable crop production by improving nutrient efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts associated with excessive nitrogen application.
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